If you’ve never thought much about pavement, take a drive from Juba to Nimule. Parts of South Sudan’s busiest road have been paved, but the unfinished parts are still teeth-rattling stretches of pitted, rust-colored dirt. On a dry day, each passing truck leaves a impenetrable dust cloud in its wake; after a rain, pocks in the earth degenerate into red lagoons. The trucks whose tires don’t sink into the mud veer wildly to dodge the lakes, sending lesser vehicles scattering. When you finally bounce back onto the pavement, it is so mercifully uneventful that you swear you will never take it for granted again, and before you can make any more promises you won’t keep, cathunk! You’re back on the dirt, splayed across the backseat like a starfish, bracing against windows and seats with all available limbs.
When it’s done, the Juba-Nimule road will be the longest paved road — and by far the biggest infrastructure project — in the Republic of South Sudan, the world’s youngest nation. USAID, a major donor to the three-month old country, is paying for and overseeing the work on the 192-kilometer route and the eight bridges along the way. Work began in 2008, and it’s total price-tag of $ 220 million is $ 61 million over original projections. Some have questioned why only a third of the road is finished after three years; others wonder whether those millions of dollars were best spent so near the capital, instead of a more isolated area. See photos on South Sudan’s quest for independence.)
Few, however, would argue that the job shouldn’t get done. In a country the size of France, there are less than 110 km (68 miles) of paved roads. Most of the nation’s limited road network is comprised of dirt routes in various stages of disrepair. Money for infrastructure did not flow generously to the south from Khartoum, a chronic neglect that was one of many factors fueling the nation’s decades of civil war. “Even before the ravages of war could set in, our country never had anything worth rebuilding,” President Salva Kiir said before the United Nations last month. Now that he and his ministers are in charge, they face the enormous task of creating a road system nearly from scratch. In August, local media reported that the government aims to pave over 4,300 miles of roads — a feat they estimate could cost nearly $ 7 billion.
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